Tarbosaurus - Facts and Figures

Tarbosaurus - Facts and Figures Name: Tarbosaurus (Greek for alarming reptile); articulated TAR-bo-SORE-us Living space: Floodplains of Asia Recorded Period: Late Cretaceous (70-65 million years back) Size and Weight: Around 40 feet in length and five tons Diet: Herbivorous dinosaurs Recognizing Characteristics: Long head; particularly little arms About Tarbosaurus At the point when its fossils were first found in Quite a while Gobi Desert, in 1946, scientistss discussed whether Tarbosaurus was another types of Tyrannosaurus, as opposed to meriting its own class. Obviously, these two carnivores had a ton in commonthey were both gigantic meat-eaters with various sharp teeth and minuscule, practically minimal armsbut they additionally possessed inverse sides of the globe, Tyrannosaurus Rex in North America and Tarbosaurus in Asia. Recently, the heft of the proof focuses to Tarbosaurus as having a place with its own variety. This tyrannosaur had a one of a kind jaw structure and significantly littler forelimbs than T. Rex; increasingly significant, no Tarbosaurus fossils have been found outside Asia. Its even conceivable that Tarbosaurus had developmental priority, and brought forth Tyrannosaurus Rex when some solid people crossed the Siberian land connect into North America. (Incidentally, the nearest Asian relative of Tarbosaurus was a significantly increasingly cloud tyrannosaur, Alioramus.) As of late, an investigation of a Parasaurolophus fossil uncovered various Tarbosaurus nibble marks, in designs demonstrating that this tyrannosaur deliberately searched its casualties effectively dead cadaver as opposed to pursuing it down and executing it. This doesnt definitively settle the discussion about whether tyrannosaurs were trackers or scroungers (they presumably sought after the two procedures, as important), however its still a bit of significant proof.

Risks Associated With International Business Transactions Economics Essay

Dangers Associated With International Business Transactions Economics Essay Worldwide business has showed up in the history to fulfill the need of stocks from significant distance countries , it was a universal exchange . It starts in the nineteenth century BC where it has showed up in Assyrian dealer province in Cappadocia . Camels permits Arab to move flavors and silk from far east and exchange it , setting up the silk street which make an association with exchange Chinese and Indian products with the Romanian realm merchandise .Vasco de gamma ( Portuguese voyager ) has set up an ocean course among Europe and India . As universal exchange degree to arrive at all countries , the need of guidelines or a worldwide business law has been raised . The primary show for worldwide exchange was the unified countries show on contracts for universal offer of good (CISG) which built up by UNCITRAL (United countries commission on global exchange law) . Universal Business Law includes two sections , private and open law , the private law identified with worldwide business exchange like global exchange , account exchange , permitting and appropriating understandings . the open law identified with understandings that help to make a lawful structure which universal business happens ( for example Settlements , Customs , Tariff.. ) Worldwide Business Transactions A business exchanges starts when a purchaser and a dealer concur the terms and conditions to buy a particular merchandise with a point by point amount and cost ( agreement of offer ). In this agreement , from the purchaser perspective what is basic is to pick up the responsibility for merchandise , for the dealer what is significant is to have the legitimate terms that give accepting cash . An International business exchanges contrast from local business exchange , in light of the fact that its typically incorporate significant distance which implies higher hazard in products traveling , which mean higher protection , how cash will be moved and who is capable of the merchandise conveyance , all that ought to be incorporated and unmistakably in worldwide business exchange contract . import Export exchange Imports are products or administrations that are made or become abroad at that point bought or receipt by the shipper and appropriated locally . Fares are products or administrations that are made or become inside the country at that point sold or rendered by the exporter to be circulated abroad The need of fare import exchange by and large is on the grounds that on nation has a favorable position over others in explicit things , a few nations have relative points of interest like assembling (ex. Germany , japan .. ) others have near favorable position in common assets like oil or gas ( ex. Saudi Arabia , Russia ) . Sending out can be immediate or aberrant .Direct trading is the point at which the maker assume the liability of the vast majority of the fare forms , for the most part they utilize Foreign salesperson or remote distributer in the sent out nation .Indirect sending out is the point at which an organization use go-betweens ( trade exchange organization , trade the board organization ) to enter the outside market , ordinarily happen on the grounds that absence of capital or on the grounds that the organization don't have the required understanding to enter this outside nation . Exchanges typically represented by the laws and guidelines of the exchange nations , they use taxes and non-taxes obstructions , this mirror the way that organizations exchange with every nation . In 1947 countries acknowledge General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade , this development happened to change exchange by lessening taxes and non-taxes obstructions . in 1995 WTO (World Trade Organization ) has been made to deal with the standards and help settling the exchange questions between WTO countries . outside Direct Investment Outside Direct Investment is the point at which an organization contribute its workforces and assets to buy or to fabricate an activity in another nation . those organization called MNC (Multinational Corporation) . Nations typically welcome FDI in light of the fact that MNCs has numerous effects over hosts nation financial matters and political framework . FDI is a significant choice for any organization since its brimming with expenses and dangers . MNCs organizations has numerous approaches to enter the market of an outside nation considering of numerous elements like capitalization , lawful contemplations and economic situation, MNCs choose to enter remote market as Joint Venture , Mergers , Subsidiaries or Acquisitions . At the point when a firm possessed 100% by an outsider , its an entirely claimed auxiliary . A joint endeavor is an association that is made by at least two organizations or with the remote government they share hazard and resources , organizations utilize joint dare to diminish the danger of entering outside market . ( for example Peugeot France has a joint endeavor with Dongfeng Motor China) A vital collusion is an understanding between contenders to accomplish shared objective .(for example Carriers Coding share ) Authorizing , Franchising Authorizing is an understanding where the Licensor (Firm) gives a Licensee (Foreign Firm) the option to utilize its protected innovation ( patent , logo, equation , and so on.) .Licensing can be totally inside one nation , yet its a way that organizations use to disperse its items with least hazard taken , where there is a level of benefit paid by the licensee to the licensor . Diversifying is a type of permitting which the Franchisor (parent firm) offers hardware , material , trademarks , innovation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦ to the Franchisee (financial specialist) , in the other hand the franchisee should pay a charge or a level of the benefit to the franchisor .(for example McDonalds) Diversifying is a decent method to entomb the outside market on the grounds that the franchisee will give the funding to speculation and the administration and franchisee will manage client and work issues , diversifying for the most part connected with numerous legitimate necessities , it relies upon the nation , un US the government exchange commission is controlling the diversifying . in other deliver china they killed a large portion of the limitation on diversifying . Hazard aSSOCIATED WITH INTERNTIONAL BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS Key rISK Key hazard implies the danger of frail or terrible key choice concerning the seriousness the firm in the remote nation , its the danger of misanalysing of the watchmen five powers which are the danger of new participants , danger of substitute items or administrations , Bargaining intensity of client , Bargaining intensity of providers and the force of serious competition . Generally MNCs organizations is increasingly worried about this hazard , where an all around done investigation of the market is required before entering the remote nation . A case of an organization which flopped In the key hazard thought . Political hazard Universal supervisors ought to comprehend the considerable impacts of political dynamic in nation before starting its business , and see how political dynamic can impact its business . Political developments and unsteadiness can make it hard to the organization to work well . Worldwide administrator ought to know about the belief system of the host nation , the monetary framework ( socialism , communism ,private enterprise ) and the political framework ( fair , despotism ) and the structure of the host government , a danger of bans and assent of exchanges which generally utilized for political weight rather that financial issues .Understanding the security of host nation political framework can stay away from numerous dangers , another and unfriendly government may supplant the well disposed connections and thus dispossess outside resources .The firm most comprehend the provincial soundness and universal undertakings of the host nation . The firm can do political hazard investigation to aid firm dynamic . operational hazard Operational Risk is the hazard concerning operational exercises , apparatuses breakdown , gracefully of assets, coordinations and stock issues .By building up a decent operational hazard investigation and assessment , organizations will have the option to decrease operational misfortune, pre-distinguishing of criminal operations , diminishing examining costs and lessen exposures to future dangers , and that well lead to decrease squander and improve forms , it will create lead-time and add to productivity in universal business . In send out Import universal exchange , a conveyance chance is an operational hazard , where a purchaser didnt get requested merchandise , it can happen as a result of laborers strike , or delay in the shipment . One type of conveyance hazard is property chance , and its a misfortune or harm to the merchandise before they show up. The danger of Pilferage can influence a wide range of exchange , exceptionally import send out one, this has been an issue for a long time , another method of boxing (freight) and new innovations entered this area to limit the danger of pilferage . nation chance At the point when the firm chose to work together wide , it ought to consider the essential framework required for the firm activity , that what nation hazard implies . Streets , Bridges and media transmission, crime percentage and debasement , inside clashes or common agitation and the financial condition ( joblessness rate , incompetent work power and so forth ) , psychological warfare , in the host nation all that can make it hard to enter or work together securely ,successfully , productively in that nation . Nation hazard can be the Language and Cultural contrasts and the danger of introduction to remote law and courts , a Lack of language contrasts mindfulness can cause numerous issues that will end in courts , a case of that , what happened in1975 , United states locale court , between Gaskin (US resident) and Stumm Handel GMBH (German organization ) , a business contract written in German has been marked by Gaskin ,who has no information about German language . innovative hazard Absence of security in electronic exchange , nonattendance of data innovation framework and the expense of quickly created innovation , all that will result making issues that will influence working together in the host nation . ecological hazard Ecological hazard may prompt harm the notoriety of the Firm if firms fu

The Perils of Writing in the Summer Book Riot

The Perils of Writing in the Summer Book Riot Its hot outside. Really hot. And you need to figure out a secondary character for the third chapter that will better balance out your main characters conflict when she moves back home. Oh and the cats hot  and wants to hang out on your lap because you are, in fact, cooler than him. And you havent seen people in a couple days. Like real people. With real conversation. Its enough to make you want to pay to go to a public pool again, though you havent been to one since the fourth grade. There is a danger for writers a great danger in placing all hope and time in the summer. There are many who do it, particularly those who teach during the rest of the year. With many writers dependent on the money they make during traditional semesters, its clear that the summer time is both a chance to break away from everyone and produce great art, but also  a chance for introversion, struggle and lonesomeness. For others, the kids are out of school and the summer is a compilation of trips and summer camps. In this case, writing time is dropped down to even fewer days only when the kiddos  are shipped off to 4-H or grandparents. For those who work year-round, the summer time may simply be the time of distraction from writing. This  season for me, personally, makes it hard to focus. Theres that barbeque, that hiking trip, or that couple  up the block trying to get you  to come hang out with the rest of the neighbors who youve never actually met before. Theres the family beach trip, the beautiful weather, the restaurant specializing in cocktails. In some ways, the sunlight alone is reason enough to not write. But you must, because youve decided that this is your chance. Take it from someone who wrote a fiction thesis in a summer without air conditioning it sucks and balance during the year is more important. More than likely, youll perform better, attach yourself to greater inspiration and avoid the dangers of loneliness if you dont depend on one season. But, were quickly approaching the full-on  summertime, so this advice may not be helpful now. So, if it doesnt help to wish your year went differently, then instead I can offer these tips: 1. Hydrate. Wear deodorant. Try to remain hygienic and human during this phase. Remember to move. Sitting too long can destroy your lower back. And your sanity. 2. Let yourself do fun things. You dont need to go to every event, but theyre still important. So much of life can feel like nothing but time away from your writing, but real life interaction (i.e. not social media interaction) is what gets you through this.  By all means go to the beach if you can and get some Vitamin D. Let this be your time to plan your novel in your brain. 3. In addition to your family members, pick three people who you love desperately who will keep you connected to the world. Let them be your contacts with social life. You can even tell them their important role  and they can  put in effort to pull you out of your cave too. 4. When your fiction world overwhelms you, dont be afraid to see a movie. They can be life altering moments of popcorn, air conditioning and escape from your plot. 5. Heres the last one, and it might be personalized more for myself. Others would disagree: Find your favorite writing advice book, whether its essays or exercises or a podcast and follow it religiously. Use it as your break away from writing. Right now, Im focused on Tin Houses The Writers Notebooks. They are so useful and can help to focus me (especially this shockingly useful  chapter on writing sex scenes).  Whats your most valuable writers guide in this dire time of verbs, nouns and summer months? Please note though, for those people who write each year for National Novel Writing Month, writing a book over a summer sounds like childrens play (though Im not entirely on board with NaNoWriMo myself). And for those people who are truly capable of writing every day for two hours, distractions over the summer sound like no big deal. In general, writerly advice is problematic, because everyone with a novel in their mind produces it in a way that the formulas do not apply. So, maybe the above doesnt work for  you. Which leads me to my question: What does work for you when writing in the summer? ____________________ Book Riot Live is coming! Join us for a two-day event full of books, authors, and an all around good time. Its the convention for book lovers that weve always wanted to attend. So we are doing it ourselves.

Who Needs the Third Amendment

The Third Amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits the federal government from quartering soldiers in private homes during peacetime without the homeowner’s consent. Has that ever happened? Has the Third Amendment ever been violated? Called the â€Å"runt piglet† of the Constitution by the American Bar Association, the Third Amendment has never been the main subject of a Supreme Court decision. It has, however, been the basis of some interesting cases in the federal courts. Text and Meaning of the Third Amendment The full Third Amendment reads as follows: â€Å"No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.† The amendment simply means that during times of peace – generally considered to mean periods between declared wars – the government may never force private individuals to house, or â€Å"quarter† soldiers in their homes. During times of war, the quartering of soldiers in private homes may be allowed only if approved by ​Congress. What Drove the Third Amendment? Prior to the American Revolution, British soldiers protected the American colonies from attacks by the French and Indians. Starting in 1765, the British Parliament enacted a series of Quartering Acts, requiring the colonies to pay the costs of stationing British soldiers in the colonies.   The Quartering Acts also required the colonists to house and feed British soldiers in alehouses, inns, and livery stables whenever necessary. Largely as punishment for the Boston Tea Party, the British Parliament enacted the Quartering Act of 1774, which required the colonists to house British soldiers in private homes as well as commercial establishments. The mandatory, uncompensated quartering of troops was one of the so-called â€Å"Intolerable Acts† that moved the colonists toward the issuance of the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution. Adoption of the Third Amendment James Madison introduced the Third Amendment in the 1st United States Congress in 1789 as part of the Bill of Rights, a list of amendments proposed largely in response to the Anti-Federalists’ objections to the new Constitution. During debate on the Bill of Rights, several revisions to Madison’s wording of Third Amendment were considered. The revisions focused mainly on different ways of defining war and peace, and periods of â€Å"unrest† during which the quartering of U.S. troops might become necessary. Delegates also debated whether the president or Congress would have the power to authorize the quartering of troops. Despite their differences, the delegates clearly intended that the Third Amendment strike a balance between the needs of the military during wartime and the peoples’ personal property rights. Despite the debate, Congress unanimously approved the Third Amendment, as originally introduced by James Madison and as it now appears in the Constitution. The Bill of Rights, then composed of 12 amendments, was submitted to the states for ratification on September 25, 1789. Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson announced the adoption of the 10 ratified amendments of the Bill of Rights, including the Third Amendment, on March 1, 1792. The Third Amendment in Court Over the years following the ratification of the Bill of Rights, the growth of the United States as a global military power largely eliminated the possibility of actual warfare on American soil. As a result, the Third Amendment remains one the least cited or invoked sections of the U.S. Constitution. While it has never been the primary basis of any case decided by the Supreme Court, the Third Amendment has been used in a few cases to help establish the right to privacy implied by the Constitution. Youngstown Sheet Tube Co. v. Sawyer – 1952 In 1952, during the Korean War, President Harry Truman issued an executive order directing Secretary of Commerce Charles Sawyer to seize and take over the operations of most of the nations steel mills. Truman acted out of fears that a threatened strike by the United Steelworkers of America would result in a shortage of steel needed for the war effort. In a suit filed by the steel companies, the Supreme Court was asked to decide if Truman had exceeded his constitutional authority in seizing and occupying the steel mills. In the case of Youngstown Sheet Tube Co. v. Sawyer, the Supreme Court ruled 6-3 that the president did not have the authority to issue such an order. Writing for the majority, Justice Robert H. Jackson cited the Third Amendment as evidence that the framers intended that the powers of the executive branch must be restrained even during wartime. â€Å"[t]hat military powers of the Commander in Chief were not to supersede representative government of internal affairs seems obvious from the Constitution and from elementary American history,† wrote Justice Jackson. â€Å"Time out of mind, and even now in many parts of the world, a military commander can seize private housing to shelter his troops. Not so, however, in the United States, for the Third Amendment says ...   even in war time, his seizure of needed military housing must be authorized by Congress.† Griswold v. Connecticut – 1965 In the 1965 case of Griswold v. Connecticut, the Supreme Court ruled that a Connecticut state law banning the use of contraceptives violated the right to marital privacy. In the court’s majority opinion, Justice William O. Douglas cited the Third Amendment as confirming the constitutional implication that a person’s home should be free from â€Å"agents of the state.†Ã‚   Engblom v. Carey – 1982                                    In 1979, correctional officers at New York’s Mid-Orange Correctional Facility went on strike. The striking correctional officers were temporarily replaced by National Guard troops. In addition, the correctional officers were evicted from their prison ground residences, which were reassigned to members of the National Guard. In the 1982 case of Engblom v. Carey, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ruled that: Under the Third Amendment, National Guard troops count as â€Å"soldiers†;The term â€Å"soldiers† in the Third Amendment includes tenants, like the prison guards; andThe Third Amendment applies to the states under the Fourteenth Amendment. Mitchell v. City of Henderson, Nevada – 2015 On July 10, 2011, Henderson, Nevada police officers called at the home of Anthony Mitchell and informed Mr. Mitchell that they needed to occupy his house in order to gain a â€Å"tactical advantage† in dealing with a domestic violence case at a neighbors home. When Mitchell continued to object, he and his father were arrested, charged with obstructing an officer, and held in jail overnight as the officers proceeded to occupy his house. Mitchell filed a lawsuit claiming in part that that police had violated the Third Amendment. However, in its decision in the case of Mitchell v. City of Henderson, Nevada, the United States District Court for the District of Nevada ruled that the Third Amendment does not apply to forced occupancy of private facilities by municipal police officers since they are not â€Å"soldiers.† So while it remains highly unlikely that Americans will ever be forced to turn their homes into free bed-and-breakfasts for platoons of U.S. Marines, it seems the Third Amendment remains a bit too important to be called the â€Å"runt piglet† of the Constitution.

The Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe - 919 Words

Guilt is the manifestation of one’s consciousness telling them that they have committed a serious offense. The emotion that one feels when they have guilt on their mind can take over their mentality and allow them to own up to their offenses; however, there are others that are able to remain calm in the face of confrontation and get away with the horrendous crimes that they have done. In Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† â€Å"The Black Cat,† and â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† the three protagonists are faulty of crimes they commit but deal with their guilt in separate ways. In Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† the narrator has felt a feeling of triumph that he was able to get rid of the very thing that was haunting him: the pale blue eye of the old man. The narrator feels accomplished and powerful because he, and nothing else, was able to stop the traumatization that he was feeling and took control of the situation. The feeling of success continues when the police arrive at the house to inspect the premises, because â€Å"for what had I to fear?† (694). As the policemen wonder around the house looking for anything peculiar, the narrator is able to keep his composure feeling that he would be ultimately successful in hiding the crime and show that he is innocent. However the calm sensation would last for a short period of time; because once he understands that the police had found him free of guilt, he â€Å"wished them gone..and grew very pale† (694). The narrator’s adrenalineShow MoreRelatedThe Tell Tale He art By Edgar Allan Poe1161 Words   |  5 PagesOut of a vast quantity of these English historians, one stood out to me, his name is Edgar Allan Poe. Poe’s writing had its own unique gothic and horror style. The story, The Tell-Tale Heart is one of his very popular pieces of literature, it not only tells a story, but uses Poe’s unique style of writing to silently incorporate different genres, themes, and symbolism to create a sub-story within the text itself. Poe was born in Boston Massachusetts on January 19, 1809. At the young age of just 2 yearsRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1569 Words   |  7 PagesIn the short story â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart,† author Edgar Allan Poe employs several literary devices such as symbolism, allegory, and imagery. These devices enable us to see and better comprehend the story’s events through the eyes of the narrator. The narrator explains that he is extremely nervous but clarifies that he is not insane; he even goes so far as to share an event from his past to prove that he is not crazy. He believes that he loves the old man and has nothing against him except his horribleRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe Essay1477 Words   |  6 Pagesyourself and others that you weren’t in the wrong for doing something bad? Well, the narrator in the story The Tell-Tale Heart does. Edgar Allan Poe is known to write stories that are of Dark Romanticism. Dark romanticism is a literary genre that showcases gothic stories that portray torture, insanity, murder, and revenge. The story â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† is no different. Edgar Allan Poe does a great job with making the readers wonder throughout this short story. This allegory makes reader’s questionsRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe986 Words   |  4 Pagesbade the gentlemen welcome. The shriek, I said, was my own in a dream.† The Tell Tale Heart is one of Edger Allan Poe’s most famous and creepiest stories. The premise of this gothic short story is that a man’s own insanity gives him away as a murderer. By usi ng the narrators own thoughts as the story Poe displays the mental instability and the unique way of creating a gothic fiction. While other stories written by Poe reflect this same gothic structure and questionable sanity, this story has aRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1502 Words   |  7 PagesThe author Edgar Allan Poe created a beautiful writing piece called â€Å"Tell Tale Heart†, which included literal elements such as mood, tone, and point of view. The story included a tremulous mood for the reader to be able to feel the excitement of the story. According to the text â€Å"Tell Tale Heart†, it states â€Å"And now at the dead hour of the night, amid the dreadful silence of that old house, so strange a noise as this excited me to uncontrollable terror.† This illustrates that the details of the storyRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1030 Words   |  5 PagesA Guilty- Mad Heart â€Å"Burduck then goes on to ponder how Poe used cultural anxieties and psychological panic to advantage.† (Grim Phantasms, G.A. Cevasco). In The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe, a nameless man narrates the story of how he murdered an elderly man because of his eyes. In his short story The Tell-Tale Heart, Poe shows the themes of guilt and the descent into madness through the narrator, in this gothic horror story. Edgar Allan Poe wrote many gothic tales throughout his lifeRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1133 Words   |  5 Pages Written in 1843, The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe incorporates nearly all of the gothic elements. While this piece of art may not contain all of the gothic elements, it is the epitome of a gothic short story. In The Tell-Tale Heart, the setting seems to be inside an old house, which strengthens the atmosphere of mystery and suspense. The madness and overall insanity of the narrator illustrates the sense of high, overwrought emotion. The presence of creaking hinges and the darkness representRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1644 Words   |  7 Pages Edgar Allan Poe was a prominent American writer whose writing reflected his tragic life. He began to sell short stories for profit after being forced to leave United States Military Academy for lack of financial support. Over the next decade, Poe published some of his best-known works, including The Fall of the House of Usher (1839), The Raven (1845), and The Cask of Amontillado (1846). It is in these stories that Po e established his unique dark writing style that often have the recurring themeRead MoreThe Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe879 Words   |  4 PagesIn between guilt, paranoia and obsession The Tell-Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe uses several literary elements to support the themes of the story. The story is based on a gruesome murder of an old man. The author uses madness, obsession and guilt as themes to prove how the narrator is truly twisted and insane. Madness is the first theme of the story; in the beginning the narrator tries to convince the audience he is not mad (insane). â€Å"TRUE!... nervous very, very nervous I had been and am; but whyRead MoreA Tell Tale Heart By Edgar Allan Poe1156 Words   |  5 Pagescontain some level of madness. For example in the short stories â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† by Edgar Allan Poe, both of the main character in these stories believe that they are perfectly wise, but their out of control behaviors proves that they’re mentally ill or to be more specific insane. In the short story â€Å"A tell-tale heart† the unknown narrator is telling us a story about his neighbor who is an old man but his of a vulture: blue pale eye is what

Paper †Sensory Marketing Free Essays

string(77) " have now understood that hearing is primordial in a communication campaign\." English Paper Julien BECQUEVORT BAC 3 – Intermediate 1 2011-2012 English Paper Julien BECQUEVORT BAC 3 – Intermediate 1 2011-2012 The sensory marketing The sensory marketing Table of contents Introduction2 Sensory marketing2 Visual marketing4 Sound marketing5 Olfactory marketing6 Gustatory marketing7 Tactile marketing8 Personal opinion9 Conclusion10 Bibliography12 Introduction Even if one  does  not realize,  sensory marketing  is ubiquitous in  marketing campaigns and  it may explain  most of our  purchasing decisions. The soothing ambience  of a store,  pleasant odor  diffused,  attractive colors,†¦ can influence the customer’s decision. Sensory marketing can be defined as â€Å"a  marketing technique that  seeks  one or  more of the five senses of the consumer. We will write a custom essay sample on Paper – Sensory Marketing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Its aim is to  attract customers  by increasing  their welfare  in order to positively influence  their behavior  vis-a-vis a  product or a  point of sale†. To approach sensory marketing, I decided to begin by a short description of the topic. After, I will talk about the five types of sensory marketing : visual, sound, olfactory, gustatory and touch. To finish, I will expose you my personal opinion about the subject. Sensory marketing Compared with traditional marketing, the sensory marketing focuses more on the five senses : sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. The sensory marketing creates around the product a multisensory atmosphere that boosts their attractiveness. According to specialists, the use of the five senses in a marketing campaign would allow companies to increase their sales by arousing customer’s emotions. Nowadays, with the growth of the supply for a product, it is very important for a company to differentiate itself from its competitors. We notice that more and more companies use the sensory marketing to do it. Despite the fact that Kotler stressed already in 1973 the importance of the atmosphere in a store, the sensory marketing has only really developed until the 2000’s. It is still a young aspect of the marketing strategies. But today, more and more marketing specialists attach importance to the sensory marketing because it is a great success. This success can be explained in two ways. On the one hand, sensory perception brings a comfortable feeling, a sense of reality that the consumer looks for because of the development of virtual in our society. On the other hand, the consumer looks for a sensorial experience with all senses and especially with a back to the nature in a context of increasing urbanization. But some specialists say it is unethical to play with people’s feeling and emotions in a commercial aim. In fact, the sensory marketing can be used in an abusive way, trying to manipulate the customer. However, it is not like â€Å"neuromarketing† that is completely unethical. This type of marketing consists in a study of the mechanisms of the brain when it receives commercial stimuli. Professionals of marketing can adapt their advertising campaigns based on the results of the study. It’s difficult for consumers to not buy the product with this type of marketing. But concerning sensory marketing, if the consumer has been once fooled on a product because of a sensory marketing, he will not be fooled a second time. Today’s marketing would be a marketing based on the five senses at the same time. That is called â€Å"polysensorality† by the marketers. However, it’s really difficult to set up for most of products. Now, I will give you some concrete examples in order to better understand what the sensory marketing is. It would be interesting to diffuse a smell of hot chocolate in a chocolate department. This strategy, combined with an attractive visual aspect of the product, will guide the consumer towards the product. Moreover, tastings in stores can also increase the sales of the product. The consumer can be aware of the product’s quality, smell, texture, etc. Nature et Decouvertes is a pioneer among the sensory marketers. When we are in the store, all our senses are stimulated. For example, all the products are exposed and we can touch and test everyone. It is really entertaining for the clients. Concerning the smell, odours of essential oils are spread in the shop, and even outside of it. It makes the passers want to enter the store. Moreover, we can hear a relaxing music. People often buy a CD and essential oils to recreate this relaxing atmosphere at home. Nature et Decouvertes has well understood that the sensory marketing can increase purchases but also enhance the image of this brand. Visual marketing The visual marketing is used by the professionals of marketing since a lot of years. The beauty and the design have always been very important in the marketing. People are always looking for aesthetic. Colours and forms, department’s arrangements of a shop are important factors for the product’s success. It influences the consumers and triggers emotional reactions that play a role in the purchase decision. The sight is the most highlighted sense in a marketing campaign. The client has his first impression of a product, whatever it is, by the sight. Visual aspects are essential and sellers try to attract people thanks to the sight. For example, in an automobile showroom, everything is studied. The lighting, the colours and the positions of the cars can influence people who look for aestheticism. But the visual marketing has also evolved with new technologies. Nowadays, beautiful pictures are broadcasted on LCD or LED screens. In travel agencies, pictures of withe sand and blue seas scrolled on a screen and invite to evasion. People are more likely to push the door to enter the agency. Apple has also developed a strong visual marketing for its products. We can found the iPod, the MP3 players of Apple, in a wide range of colours. Before, the iMac was also available in different colours and the product was transparent in order to make the machine more pleasant. All the products of Apple are design and beautiful. Apple is specialized in the visual marketing because the brand has understood that the customer will choose more easily a product which is beautiful. Sound marketing The sound marketing is a recent side of the sensory marketing. Marketers have now understood that hearing is primordial in a communication campaign. You read "Paper – Sensory Marketing" in category "Papers" The sound marketing must represent the brand and the product. It’s really important for a brand to have a specific music, a jingle or a voice which can allow people to identify the brand in question. Uncle Ben’s, U and Leclerc are linked to a specific voice that differentiates themselves from competitors. These voices play a role of jingle and the auditors recognize immediately the brand. Music is also used in stores and shops to sell a product. But it’s recent. Different studies have proven that music influence the perception of time and the customers stay longer and more easily in a store which trend music is played. According to these studies, a soft music, like classical music, encourages to stroll and relaxes the customers. The particular sound of a product is also used by producers hoping to differentiate it. For example, in the world of household electrical appliances, the sound of the buttons is different depending on the brand. But the most striking example is the engine’s sound of a Harley Davidson. No engine makes a noise similar to a Harley Davidson. This is one of the biggest selling points of the brand and it was studied during a long time by mechanics. Please, follow this link ttp://www. youtube. com/watch? v=31GBuRHxsDofeature=fvwpNR=1 Olfactory marketing Since more or less two decades, marketers have discovered that odour in an advertising campaign has a lot of influence on the purchase decisions of the customer. Before the 90’s, this sense was totally put aside. It was very difficult to implement the olfactory marketing because the technologies did not permit it. Sin ce few years, marketers have understood that the power of odours is something that they should not overlook as the olfactory memory is the most powerful. The olfactory marketing is very important to highlight a product or a brand. When we walk on the street, we can smell delicious odours coming from a restaurant, a bakery or store which sells coffee. All these odours attract the customers and trigger an emotional process that lost any sense of time. Customers like to go to shops and store where it smells good. It’s normal. Some brands like Nature et Decouvertes and Sephora have succeeded in attract the customer and the passers with odour. But olfactory marketing is not limited only to odours in shops and stores, it cans also be found within the products. For example, it’s important that a cosmetic cream smells good. In order to differentiate their products from the others, it’s essential for a company to use different flavours. It’s the same for cleaning products. A lot of brands like Mr Propre, Carolin or Dreft use different scents for their cleaning products. These products do not only evoke cleanliness but also evoke evasion and pleasure thanks to the odours. A third example is the 3M company who has commercialized flavoured strawberry post – its. The target of this marketing’s type is essentially teenagers and especially young girls. However, olfactory marketing goes further and an odour diffuser, the â€Å"SmellBox†, was created to diffuse fragrances in a shop or a store. This box is connected to a computer and diffuses odours that are linked with the broadcasted pictures on the screen. Today, it is the most advanced application of the olfactory marketing. Gustatory marketing With this type of marketing, there are two possibilities  : either the consumer likes the product either he doesn’t like and doesn’t buy it. Taste marketing is often used in supermarkets where different brand representatives propose to taste new products. Clients appreciate this practice because they can judge the product for free. And this technique increases sales because people buy it after having tasted it so they don’t take a risk and know that they like it. Obviously, this marketing is usually used for food products. But there are some exceptions. Indeed, gustative marketing can be a good way to promote a product. For example, a jewelry demonstration accompanied by a chocolate fondue. Or we can also find candies in some stores. Moreover, gustative marketing is essential for toothpaste’s brands too. Today, the trend is traveling and people like new flavors of the world. There is a strong growth in sales of exotic spices and especially from Asia, very trendy at the moment. So, food industries have their gustative laboratories in order to taste new relishes depending on the trend and desires of consumers. Thus, this sort of marketing is not easy because we always have to adapt to the new flavors appreciated by people. So, there are gustatory trends that we have to follow all the time to satisfy customers. Tactile marketing This sort of marketing uses the touch to optimize sales of a product. This sense has more and more importance in communication campaigns, and professionals know it. Indeed, consumers need to touch the product in order to have a precise idea of its quality. For example, at the supermarket, customers like palpating fruits and vegetables and they think that they can evaluate their quality in this way. In fact, the touch creates a familiarity with the product. So, tactile marketing has a gigantic power and sellers have to use it in order to enhance sales. Moreover, people prefer going to a store which proposes to touch products, so this sort of marketing increase the number of clients. That’s why more and more enterprises look for textures appreciated by consumers. Today, for example, the trend is cashmere. Indeed, this textile inspires sweetness, comfort, protection, etc. As the touch refers to the qualities and functions of the product, the choice of the material and the form is essential. More the texture is successful, more consumers will want to buy it. We can well see this phenomenon in bedding store where people always lie on mattresses. Clients want to test the thickness and comfort, and prices become even less important. Food industries have also understood the advantages of this marketing. Children and teenagers like the combination of different textures as crunchy and sweet. For example, Danette created a new product to satisfy consumers : liquid chocolate accompanied by crunchy balls. We can also find chewing-gum crisps outside and liquids inside. Tactile marketing can also be applied for a service. Indeed, a hotel will be judged on the softness of the sheets, the thickness of the towels, pillows’ quality, etc. If the client appreciates all of these things, he will have a good image of the hotel. So, the touch is a factor essential for product’s success. Personal opinion I have chosen this topic because I am really interested in the marketing sciences. I think that it is very important for a firm or a company to deeply understand how behave customers when they receive commercial stimuli. Otherwise, I would choose as master options marketing and management’s services. I hope that I will learn even more with the lecture of consumer’s behaviour. During my studies in management, we have seen lots of strategies and techniques to attract the customer to a product or service, but I think that the sensory marketing is the most interesting and is really booming. We can see more and more strategies of sensory marketing today. I think for example at the cover of the jam’s jars of Bonne Maman brand. The cover is squared with blue and white or red and white. Moreover, the writing on the label looks like handwriting. It really reminds jams of long ago. Another example is the development of the free distribution of new products in the street. When we walk on the street, we can see huge cars giving for example chocolate, cans of Coca-Cola, †¦ This is linked with gustatory marketing. Just yesterday, I went to a copy centre and the merchant had put an essential oil diffuser in the store. It was really nice to photocopy sheets in this atmosphere. Even if a copy centre does not need to use sensory marketing in order to attract customers, I think that it is a good initiative and it works. I will go back there to make photocopies. I think that more and more brand and retailers must use the sensory marketing. The customers asks for it, it is more sympathetic that our senses are requested when we do shopping or when we see an advertising. Moreover, studies and surveys have proved that the sensory marketing really influences the purchase decisions. It has to be developed by all the brands, if it is possible obviously. During the lectures of market research, we have seen lots of studies that showed that the marketing sensory has a lot of influence on consumers. For example, we have seen, supported by figures, that the purchases are more important if the music in the store is slow than fast. Moreover, if it is coupled with a nice odour, the amount of purchases is much more important. We have also learned that the light plays an important role in a restaurant. If the light is bright, the number of wine bottles purchased is higher than if the light is subdued. Per contra, the spent time in the restaurant and the amount of the bill is higher if the light is subdued. Recently, I have participated to a market research concerning the bookshop Libris Agora. We were asked during the study to analyse different odours that could be diffuse in the bookstore. It is typically a sensory marketing strategy. Personally, I am for a strong sensory marketing strategy. As I said before, it can attract lots of people to a store. For example, I like when trend and good music is played in a shop. I have already noticed that I stay more easily in a store where dance and electro music is played, maybe because I love this kind of music. Contrary to what my analysis says, I will never go to a store where classic music is broadcasted or maybe I will stay maximum five minutes. I think that it is because I am young and that does not attract me at all. Nevertheless, I can understand that people like this type of music and that classic music encourages people to stay longer in a store. One of the sensory marketing strategies that I like the most is the gustatory one. I really like to taste different products when I am at the supermarket or when I go to a fruit and vegetables seller. Usually, if the products are good, I put them in the cart. In order to further differentiate from the competition, brands and retailers should enhance their sensory marketing strategies. They should couple visual marketing with olfactory marketing, etc. However, the consumers must not receive too much sensory stimuli at once time. If it is the case, I think he feels oppressed and uncomfortable and he will certainly run away from the product or the store. Retailers have to find the right middle between the different strategies of sensory marketing. Moreover, the sensory marketing is not popular with everyone. I know some people who feel uncomfortable with odour of essential oils. I think that the big problem of the sensory marketing is to find the right settings in order to reach as many people as possible. Conclusion Throughout this report, I tried to explain what the sensory marketing is and how the five senses can play a role in the purchase decision. I also  tried to  give concrete examples  to  make this  report more understandable. We can see that in a context of an increasing supply, companies have to differentiate themselves from each other. It requires a very thorough marketing and more and more companies rely on sensory marketing to attract customers to their products. According to experts, marketing of tomorrow will be a â€Å"polysensory† marketing through which all senses of the consumer and prospect will be awakened. Nowadays, thanks to new technologies, this type of marketing is possible and some companies like Nature et Decouvertes use already this concept of â€Å"polysensority† marketing. The discipline of sensory marketing is now booming but it is very important to not oppress the customer with too much commercial and sensory stimuli. The sensory marketing must be carefully considered before being implemented. Bibliography http://marketing. oboulo. com/marketing-sensoriel-exemple-zara-h-m-killafornia-1 05054. html http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sense http://fr. wikipedia. org/wiki/Marketing_sensoriel http://www. netpme. fr/marketing/704-marketing-sensoriel. html http://www. journaldunet. com/management/dossiers/0606139marketing/cestquoi. shtml How to cite Paper – Sensory Marketing, Papers

Environmental Problems Essay Example

Environmental Problems Essay This chapter will provide and answer the phenomena that we cannot explain or we cannot understand and will also give proof on how our world is experiencing the different health and environmental problems. A. Review of Related Literature According to the researchers. The Philippines, like other developing countries, has its challenges with morbidity and mortality. Addressing the different health problems each year and the continuous provision for the health care needs has been a goal of the Philippines government. 0 MAY 2013 | GENEVA   WHOs Health Assembly, the worlds largest health policy-making body, opened its 66th Session today in Geneva with around 3000 participants from around the world. Health in the post-2015 agenda, WHO’s budget for 2014-2015, and progress on the Organization’s reform are also on the agenda. In her opening address to the Health Assembly, WHO Director-General Dr Margaret Chan noted that the world is facing challenging times, including financial crisis, job insecurity, armed conflicts and large numbers of people living on the edge, fearing for their lives. As for Environmental Issues according to many researchers. Recent scientific studies reveal that human activities have contributed significantly to the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that causes climate change. The Philippines is a hotspot for climate change disasters particularly the risk for agriculture and food security due to extreme El Nino and severe tropical cyclones. The spread of infectious diseases are influenced by fluctuations in climate variables, temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. Sever super typhoons like Reming that pummeled the Bicol region in 2006 destroyed at least $90-million worth of agricultural products and infrastructure. Diseases such as dengue fever, malaria, cholera have increased throughout the years. Climate change impacts on coastal zones and marine ecosystems caused massive coral bleaching especially in 1998 due to elevated sea temperature and fish kills and red tides like the one that occurred in 1992 which was an El Nino period. Scientists warned the Philippines could experience famine by 2020, as the adverse impact of global warming takes its toll on natural resources. We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Problems specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Problems specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Problems specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Thousands will be displaced from their homes especially in low-lying coastal communities. B. Review of Related Studies According to the entitled article â€Å"Health Study†. The Philippines and other countries is facing 10 of the most common health issues and those are: Pneumonia Increase of cold months in the country caused increase of incidences of pneumonia. Pneumonia involves inflammation of the lungs and leads to hospitalization. Foreigners, especially those from non-tropical regions, are most susceptible to this in the Philippines because they have to adjust to the weather patterns. Diarrhea Diarrhea outbreaks have been consistently on the rise in Philippine soil, especially with the recent aftermath of Typhoon Ketsana (Ondoy in local name). Leptospirosis A more recent DOH problem involved the hyper increase of cases of leptopspirosis in the Philippines, particularly in La Union and other flood-stricken areas. The onset of consecutive floods from the string of typhoons Ondoy and Pepeng caused contaminated water to fill the urban and rural areas. Malnutrition Physical, emotional and social factors contribute to this prevalent problem of Filipinos. More underweight than overweight, Filipinos often have to consider societal gaps as a primary factor. The ill distribution of wealth in the country attributes to most Filipinos having less food to eat on their plates. A(H1N1) Flu Virus Scare The AH1N1 flu virus scare really took the wind out of boat sails as it reduced the number of passengers on ships and other transportation modes that involve a lot of people. Notable security measures were heightened in airports and other areas to prevent the outbreak, although the outbreak still happened in Jaen Nueva Ecija, shortly after the first case of AH1N1 has been reported May 2009. Illegal Drug Addiction Many Filipinos continue to fall victim to drug addiction. There are over 3. 5 million habitual drug users in the country, and some of the national scandals in the past have been linked to illegal drug use. The ongoing struggle against illegal drug addiction is an uphill battle. Malaria M Villages in Filipino remote areas are most susceptible to outbreaks of Malaria, and the focus of improvement efforts are all there, locally and internationally. The lack of accessibility and financial resource to get the best medical care is the chief cause of malaria infiltration in the country. Tuberculosis The Philippine coalition against tuberculosis is just one of the many institutions that help alleviate this major Philippine health hazard. For decades, this has been established as one of the country’s leading cause of deaths. Heart Disease/Hypertension A scary health problem, there has been steadily enormous increase in trends of hypertension among Filipinos. Cancer A primary prominent person who recently died of this illness in the Philippines is Corazon Aquino, among many other famous and non-famous individuals. Cancer is often found to be prevalent in urban areas, with better treatment options. But cancer is quite difficult to treat for some cases. For our environmental study according to some articles entitled â€Å"Environmental Problems† Our country and also others are facing the same problems. Recent scientific studies reveal that human activities have contributed significantly to the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that causes climate change. The Philippines is a hotspot for climate change disasters particularly the risk for agriculture and food security due to extreme El Nino and severe tropical cyclones. The spread of infectious diseases are influenced by fluctuations in climate variables, temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. Sever super typhoons like Reming that pummeled the Bicol region in 2006 destroyed at least $90-million worth of agricultural products and infrastructure. Diseases such as dengue fever, malaria, cholera have increased throughout the years. Climate change impacts on coastal zones and marine ecosystems caused massive coral bleaching especially in 1998 due to elevated sea temperature and fish kills and red tides like the one that occurred in 1992 which was an El Nino period. Scientists warned the Philippines could experience famine by 2020, as the adverse impact of global warming takes its toll on natural resources. Thousands will be displaced from their homes especially in low-lying coastal communities. Decline of Natural Resources and Biodiversity The Philippines is suffering from degradation of the natural environment. It has fifty major rivers now polluted due to abuse and neglect. Approximately two-thirds of the countrys original mangroves have been lost. A hundred years ago, the Philippines had close to 22 million hectares of old growth forest. At the start of 2000, we had less than 600,000 hectares of old-growth forest left. In one century, we had cut down close to 97 percent of our original forest. A study by the Environmental Scientists for Social Change (ESSC) reveals that we have systematically cut this forest down and that we have not stopped its destruction and that of its core biodiversity. The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) estimates that it takes over 4,000 liters of water to produce one kilo of rice. Because of the loss of forests, we have less water since most of our freshwater comes from watersheds found in forests. Therefore, loss of forests means loss of food. More than 400 plant and animal species found in the Philippines are currently threatened with extinction, including the Philippine eagle, the tamaraw, and the dugong. In 2001, 49 of the nations mammal species, 86 bird species, and 320 plant species were threatened with extinction. Endangered species in the Philippines include the monkey-eating eagle, Philippine tarsier, tamaraw, four species of turtle (green sea, hawksbill, olive ridley, and leatherback), Philippines crocodile, sinarapan, and two species of butterflies. The Cebu warty pig, Panay flying fox, and Chapmans fruit bat have become extinct. Alarming Waste Problem The Philippines is looming with garbage problems despite the passage of the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act or the Republic Act (RA) 9003. 2007 first quarter data from the National Solid Waste Management Commission shows that there are 677 open dumpsites, 343 controlled dumps, and 21 landfills in the country. An additional 307 dump sites are subject for closure or rehabilitation plans but without definite schedules for enforcement. About 215 additional landfills are being proposed to be set up nationwide. About 1,000 open and controlled dump sites exist in the country. Prominent dumps all over the country can be found in Antipolo and Montalban in Rizal; Baguio City; Calapan, Mindoro Oriental; Carmen, Cagayan de Oro; Mandurriao, Iloilo City; Obando, Bulacan; and San Pedro, Laguna. Environmentalists stress that Republic Act 9003 calls for the adoption of the best environmental practices in ecological waste management and explicitly excludes waste incineration as an ecological option. These polluting disposal facilities are major sources of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere which adds to global warming. Landfills and open dumps, according to studies, account for 34 percent of human-related methane emissions to the atmosphere, a global warming gas that has 23 times more heat-trapping power than carbon dioxide. These landfills and open dumps are illegal under RA 9003. Incinerators, on the other hand, have significantly higher levels of greenhouse gas emissions (per kilowatt) than a coal-fired power plant when all of the carbon coming out of an incinerator stack is measured. Such emissions are banned by the country’s Clean Air Act. Inaction on garbage contributes to the death of at least two persons every minute due to complications from environmental problems, which could be prevented if the country only developed a more efficient environmental management program. Mismanagement of waste has serious environmental consequences: ground and surface water contamination, local flooding, air pollution, exposure to toxins, and spread of disease. Many of the disposal sites contain infectious material, thus threatening sanitation workers and waste-pickers. Annual waste generation in the Philippines is expected to grow 40 percent by 2010. Improvements in recycling, collection, and disposal will become even more critical as garbage production continues to increase with population growth and economic development. Past efforts to promote waste segregation at source have minimal impact despite the presence of Republic Act 9003. Most of these were barangay, ity, and municipal ordinances providing for sanctions and penalties for non-compliance. Campaigns, seminars, trainings and other different community activities were implemented with the help of various private groups or NGO’s to pursue the objective of solving the garbage problem. RA 9003 further calls for the establishment of materials recovery facilities, or ecology centers, in every barangay or cluster of a barangay. To date, only 1,923 ecology centers exist, serving 2, 133 barangays of a total 41,975 nationwide. In Quezon City alone, only 52 barangays have established Materials Recovery Facilities out of a total of 142. People’s Behavior Toward Waste Behaviour is a key cultural aspect that is embedded in people’s way of life. Studying a community’s behavior and introducing new ones requires intensive, long-term, and creative social marketing. This can be done by studying the demographic and cultural fiber of the community through immersions and capacity building activities. The Resources, Environment and Economics Center for Studies, Inc. s (REECS) 2002 study on household waste management systems and the attitudes and behavior of the communities in two barangays in Metro Manila ( Bennagen, Nepomuceno, Covar, 2002) showed that: 1. Waste management is still perceived by many as the responsibility of government. 2. Public participation in waste management, especially in segregation at source, remains limited. 3. More extensive awareness- raising activities and training on e cological waste management are needed, together with stricter enforcement of the Law and local ordinances must be observed. 4. There is lack of community empowerment and political will to resolve the problem. Recognizing the importance of the environment’s immediate recovery and effects of improper waste management to the Philippines, there is a need for understanding and reformation of attitudes and concern towards the protection of environment. The impending garbage crisis can be prevented if we only practice waste segregation at source, recycling, and composting as what the law requires. An intensive social marketing program has to be established on a long-term scale within a barangay – the smallest unit of the local government.